Irregular periods

Causes and treatment for irregular periods

Are your periods irregular? Do not be too worried because usually it does not indicate anything dangerous. Most women had experience it.

However, before you declare that you are not periods regularly, let us first agree on what is called irregular. Not all women are the same. There are women who have regular menstrual cycles, like the “life calendar”, there are also irregular. The most common cycle is 28 days, but can be vary from 21 to 35 days. The beginning of the cycle forward or backward 1 day to 3 days is normal. Periods bleeding are generally lasts for 5 days, but bleeding to 7 days is still considered as normal condition.

Menstruation is called irregular only when it does not follow the normal pattern of your cycle. Anovulation (not releasing an egg) is a major cause of delay menstruation in many women. This condition is considered normal if it happens only once or twice a year. Menstruation will also be irregular in a few months or years after menarche. This is because the hormones that control period takes time to reach equilibrium.

Irregular periods caused by things related to lifestyle or health problems.

1. Life Style

Certain lifestyle that can disrupt the menstrual cycle, among which are:

• Increased of stress. Increased of stress is the most common cause. If you are experiencing stress due to overwork, pressure from friends or family demands, your periods can become irregular. When you are stress, the adrenal glands release the hormone cortisol, which have a direct impact on some hormones involved in period such as estrogen and progesterone.
• Extreme body weight. Although low weight is common cause of irregular periods, obesity can also cause period problems. In this situation, the brain can not trigger the right hormones for the follicle development, which is needed to make estrogen.
• Breastfeeding. Many women experience menstrual irregularities until the end of breastfeeding.
• Contraceptives. Birth control pills and intrauterine devices (IUDs) can cause bleeding between menstrual periods. Light bleeding is common when first taking the contraceptive pill. IUDs may also cause heavy bleeding.
• Malnutrition, drug use, smoking, and caffeine in specific cases can disrupt menstrual cycle.

2. Health conditions

Some health conditions that can disrupt menstrual cycle include:

• Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PCOS occurs when some tiny cysts developing in the ovary. The ovaries produce follicles which produce high levels of estrogen but never release an egg, resulting in irregular menstruation.
• Hormonal imbalance related to perimenopause. Perimenopause is the period of hormonal transition before menopause. Technically, menopause occurs when you stop your period for 12 consecutive months since last menstrual period. However, women who menstruate regularly and suddenly stop at all is rare. Much more common is menstrual cycle becomes variable for several years or several months before reaching menopause. This disorder is caused by an imbalance of progesterone, a hormone that regulates the amount and duration of bleeding. Fluctuations in progesterone, making menstrual lasts longer or shorter.
• The imbalance of androgen hormones. Some women experience irregular periods because they have too much androgen. Male hormone that is normally only slightly in the female body can cause hair growth on face, chin, chest, and abdomen, and sometimes associated to excessive weight.
• Thyroid disorders. The thyroid gland produces hormones that keep the body’s metabolism. Thyroid function is closely linked to all of hormones in your body. Thyroid hormones are not balanced like in hypothyroidism can cause various symptoms such as irregular periods, fatigue, weight gain, and depression.
• Premature ovarian failure. Premature ovarian failure is condition when you stop menstruating before age 40 years old. Surgery, chemotherapy, and abdominal or pelvic radiation therapy can cause premature ovarian failure.
• Other conditions such as uterine abnormalities (fibroids, cysts, polyps, endometriosis), irritable bowel syndrome, tuberculosis, heart disease, and diabetes can also cause menstrual irregularities, although rare.

Tips for you

Menstrual irregularities rooted in hormonal imbalances. Whatever you do to restore the hormonal balance will also restore your menstrual cycle.

Some of these tips may help you:

• Reduce stress and improve your nutritional status. Try to relax and enjoying life more. Rest enough in the evening. Change your diet to be more balanced by the increasing intake of complex carbohydrates, fruits, vegetables and water.
• Exercise regularly, but moderately.
• If you are worried that the cause of irregular menstruation is disease or other conditions, consult a physician. Ask your doctor the possible causes of your menstrual irregularities. You need to see a doctor if your period is also accompanied by heavy or prolonged bleeding, pain after sex, abdominal pain, excessive hair growth, weight gain without cause, or a smelly discharge.

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