Women have a chance to get various issues in relation to their periods. This problem can be, not having menstruation at all or a severe and prolonged periods.
Irregular menstrual cycles is not menstrual disorders , but if the distance between periods is less than 21 days or more than 3 months, or if menstruation lasts more than 10 days, then you should be aware of a problem with ovulation or other medical conditions.
Here are five types of menstrual disorders that need for you to understand.
1. Amenorrhea
Amenorrhea is the absence of periods. This term is used for women who have not gotten her period after age 15 years (primary amenorrhea) and women who had stopped periods for 3 months, where she had periods at the previous time (secondary amenorrhea).
Primary amenorrhea is usually caused by hormonal disorders or growth problems. Secondary amenorrhea can be caused by lack of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (menstruation cycle regulator), stress, anorexia, extreme weight loss, thyroid disorders, heavy exercise, birth control pills and ovarian cysts.
2. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a group of physical symptoms, emotions, and behaviors that commonly occur in the last week of the luteal phase (one week before menstruation). These symptoms usually do not begin until 13 days before the cycle, and will be completed within 4 days after the first day of periods.
Some symptoms of PMS which often perceived are:
* Breasts become soft and swollen
* Depression, irritable, moody and emotional instability (mood swings)
* Not interested in sex (decreased of libido)
* The incidence of acne on a regular basis
* Abdominal bloating or cramps
* Headache or pain in joints
* Difficult to sleep
* Difficult to defecate
3. Dysmenorrhea
Dysmenorrhea is painful periods. Periods pain occurs in the lower abdomen but can spread to the lower back and thighs. This pain can also be accompanied by severe abdominal cramps. These cramps comes from contractions in the uterus, which is the normal process of period, and is usually felt first when bleeding begins and continues for 32 hours to 48 hours.
Dysmenorrhea experienced by adolescents, are generally not due to disease (primary dysmenorrhea). On older women, dysmenorrhea can be caused by certain diseases (secondary dysmenorrhea), such as uterine fibroids, pelvic inflammation, endometriosis or ectopic pregnancy.
Primary dysmenorrhea symptoms can be alleviated with pain medications / anti-inflammatory such as ibuprofen, ketoprofen and naproxen. Exercise, compress with warm water, and warm baths may also relieve pain.
If the menstrual pain is not relieved by pain medication, it is possible that period pain is secondary dysmenorrhea caused by certain diseases.
4. Menorrhagia
Menorrhagia is the medical term for excessive menstrual bleeding. In one normal period cycle, on average woman loses approximately 30 ml of blood for about 7 days menstruation. If the bleeding is more than 7 days or bleeding that occurs is too heavy (over 80 ml), then this could be categorized as menorrhagia.
The main cause of menorrhagia is an imbalance of estrogen and progesterone in the body. This imbalance causes the endometrium continues to form. When the uterine discard endometrium through menstruation, bleeding becomes severe.
Menorrhagia may also be caused by thyroid disorders, blood disease, and inflammation / infection in the vagina or cervix.
5. Abnormal bleeding
Abnormal vaginal bleeding (excluding period) include:
* Bleeding between menstrual periods
* Bleeding after having sex
* Bleeding after menopause
Abnormal bleeding is caused by many things. Your doctor may begin screening by examining the most common problems in your age group. Serious problems such as uterine fibroids, polyps, or even cancer can cause abnormal bleeding.
Both the adolescents and women approaching menopause, hormonal changes can cause irregular menstrual cycles.
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